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Java——Java实现生产者消费者

IDEA2023.1.3破解,IDEA破解,IDEA 2023.1破解,最新IDEA激活码

1、生产/消费者模型

生产/消费者问题是个非常典型的多线程问题,涉及到的对象包括“生产者”、“消费者”、“仓库”和“产品”。他们之间的关系如下:
(01) 生产者仅仅在仓储未满时候生产,仓满则停止生产。
(02) 消费者仅仅在仓储有产品时候才能消费,仓空则等待。
(03) 当消费者发现仓储没产品可消费时候会通知生产者生产。
(04) 生产者在生产出可消费产品时候,应该通知等待的消费者去消费。

2、生产者消费者实现(synchronized )

// Demo1.java
// 仓库
class Depot {
    private int capacity;    // 仓库的容量
    private int size;        // 仓库的实际数量

    public Depot(int capacity) {
        this.capacity = capacity;
        this.size = 0;
    }

    public synchronized void produce(int val) {
        try {
             // left 表示“想要生产的数量”(有可能生产量太多,需多此生产)
            int left = val;
            while (left > 0) {
                // 库存已满时,等待“消费者”消费产品。
                while (size >= capacity)
                    wait();
                // 获取“实际生产的数量”(即库存中新增的数量)
                // 如果“库存”+“想要生产的数量”>“总的容量”,则“实际增量”=“总的容量”-“当前容量”。(此时填满仓库)
                // 否则“实际增量”=“想要生产的数量”
                int inc = (size+left)>capacity ? (capacity-size) : left;
                size += inc;
                left -= inc;
                System.out.printf("%s produce(%3d) --> left=%3d, inc=%3d, size=%3d\n", 
                        Thread.currentThread().getName(), val, left, inc, size);
                // 通知“消费者”可以消费了。
                notifyAll();
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        }
    } 

    public synchronized void consume(int val) {
        try {
            // left 表示“客户要消费数量”(有可能消费量太大,库存不够,需多此消费)
            int left = val;
            while (left > 0) {
                // 库存为0时,等待“生产者”生产产品。
                while (size <= 0)
                    wait();
                // 获取“实际消费的数量”(即库存中实际减少的数量)
                // 如果“库存”<“客户要消费的数量”,则“实际消费量”=“库存”;
                // 否则,“实际消费量”=“客户要消费的数量”。
                int dec = (size<left) ? size : left;
                size -= dec;
                left -= dec;
                System.out.printf("%s consume(%3d) <-- left=%3d, dec=%3d, size=%3d\n", 
                        Thread.currentThread().getName(), val, left, dec, size);
                notifyAll();
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        }
    }

    public String toString() {
        return "capacity:"+capacity+", actual size:"+size;
    }
} 

// 生产者
class Producer {
    private Depot depot;

    public Producer(Depot depot) {
        this.depot = depot;
    }

    // 消费产品:新建一个线程向仓库中生产产品。
    public void produce(final int val) {
        new Thread() {
            public void run() {
                depot.produce(val);
            }
        }.start();
    }
}

// 消费者
class Customer {
    private Depot depot;

    public Customer(Depot depot) {
        this.depot = depot;
    }

    // 消费产品:新建一个线程从仓库中消费产品。
    public void consume(final int val) {
        new Thread() {
            public void run() {
                depot.consume(val);
            }
        }.start();
    }
}

public class Demo1 {  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        Depot mDepot = new Depot(100);
        Producer mPro = new Producer(mDepot);
        Customer mCus = new Customer(mDepot);

        mPro.produce(60);
        mPro.produce(120);
        mCus.consume(90);
        mCus.consume(150);
        mPro.produce(110);
    }
}

运行结果

Thread-0 produce( 60) --> left=  0, inc= 60, size= 60
Thread-4 produce(110) --> left= 70, inc= 40, size=100
Thread-2 consume( 90) <-- left=  0, dec= 90, size= 10
Thread-3 consume(150) <-- left=140, dec= 10, size=  0
Thread-1 produce(120) --> left= 20, inc=100, size=100
Thread-3 consume(150) <-- left= 40, dec=100, size=  0
Thread-4 produce(110) --> left=  0, inc= 70, size= 70
Thread-3 consume(150) <-- left=  0, dec= 40, size= 30
Thread-1 produce(120) --> left=  0, inc= 20, size= 50

3、生产者消费者实现(Lock锁)

package Thread;



import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

class Depot{
    private int capacity; //仓库容量
    private int size; //仓库当前产品数量
    private Lock lock; //锁
    private Condition productCondition; //生产条件
    private Condition consumerCondition; //消费条件

    public Depot(int capacity) {
        this.capacity=capacity;
        this.size=0;
        this.lock = new ReentrantLock();
        this.productCondition = this.lock.newCondition();
        this.consumerCondition = this.lock.newCondition();
    }

    //生产商品
    public void produce(int val) {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            int left=val; //left表示需要生产的数量
            while (left > 0) {
                //当库存已满时,则生产者开始等待消费者消费
                while (size == capacity) {
                    productCondition.await();
                }
                int pro= left > (capacity-size) ? (capacity-size) : left;  //如果生产的数量大于仓库容量,则只生产仓库容量这么多
                size += pro;
                left -= pro;
                System.out.printf("%s produce(%3d) --> left=%3d, inc=%3d, size=%3d\n",
                        Thread.currentThread().getName(), val, left, pro, size);
                consumerCondition.signal(); //消费者消费时,发现当仓库产品为零时,此时消费者等待,调用生产者生产,那么生产者生产完成后则需要释放消费者
            }

        }catch (Exception e){

        }finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    //消费商品
    public void consume(int val) {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            int left=val; //left表示需要消费的数量
            while (left > 0) {
                while (size == 0) {  //当前商品数量为零时,消费者需要等待
                    consumerCondition.await();
                }
                int cus=left > size? size : left;
                size -= cus;
                left -= cus;
                System.out.printf("%s consume(%3d) <-- left=%3d, dec=%3d, size=%3d\n",
                        Thread.currentThread().getName(), val, left, cus, size);
                productCondition.signal(); //消费者消费完成后,需要释放生产者
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }

    }
}

//生产者
class Producer{

    private Depot depot;

    public Producer(Depot depot) {
        this.depot = depot;
    }

    public void produce(int val){
        new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                depot.produce(val);
            }
        }.start();
    }
}


//消费者
class Customer{
    private Depot depot;

    public Customer(Depot depot) {
        this.depot = depot;
    }

    public void consume(int val) {
        new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                depot.consume(val);
            }
        }.start();
    }

}




public class LockTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Depot mDepot = new Depot(100);
        Producer mPro = new Producer(mDepot);
        Customer mCus = new Customer(mDepot);

        mPro.produce(60);
        mPro.produce(120);
        mCus.consume(90);
        mCus.consume(150);
        mPro.produce(110);
    }
}


运行结果

Thread-0 produce( 60) --> left=  0, inc= 60, size= 60
Thread-1 produce(120) --> left= 80, inc= 40, size=100
Thread-2 consume( 90) <-- left=  0, dec= 90, size= 10
Thread-3 consume(150) <-- left=140, dec= 10, size=  0
Thread-4 produce(110) --> left= 10, inc=100, size=100
Thread-3 consume(150) <-- left= 40, dec=100, size=  0
Thread-4 produce(110) --> left=  0, inc= 10, size= 10
Thread-3 consume(150) <-- left= 30, dec= 10, size=  0
Thread-1 produce(120) --> left=  0, inc= 80, size= 80
Thread-3 consume(150) <-- left=  0, dec= 30, size= 50

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