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二十四、JSP 连接数据库

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JSP 连接数据库

本章节假设您已经对JDBC有一定的了解。在开始学习JSP数据库访问前,请确保JDBC环境已经正确配置。

首先,让我们按照下面的步骤来创建一个简单的表并插入几条简单的记录:


创建表

在数据库中创建一个Employees表,步骤如下:

步骤1:

打开CMD,然后进入数据库安装目录:

C:\>
C:\>cd Program Files\MySQL\bin
C:\Program Files\MySQL\bin>

步骤2:

C:\Program Files\MySQL\bin>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ********
mysql>

步骤3:

用create database语句建立一个新的数据库TEST:

mysql> create database TEST

步骤4:

在TEST数据库中创建Employee表:

mysql> use TEST;
mysql> create table Employees
    (
     id int not null,
     age int not null,
     first varchar (255),
     last varchar (255)
    );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql>


插入数据记录

创建好Employee表后,往表中插入几条记录:

mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (100, 18, 'Zara', 'Ali');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (101, 25, 'Mahnaz', 'Fatma');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (102, 30, 'Zaid', 'Khan');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (103, 28, 'Sumit', 'Mittal');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>


SELECT操作

接下来的这个例子告诉我们如何使用JSTL SQL标签来运行SQL SELECT语句:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import="java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import="javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix="sql"%>

<html>
<head>
<title>SELECT 操作</title>
</head>
<body>

<sql:setDataSource var="snapshot" driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
     url="jdbc:mysql://localhost/TEST"
     user="root"  password="pass123"/>

<sql:query dataSource="${snapshot}" var="result">
SELECT * from Employees;
</sql:query>

<table border="1" width="100%">
<tr>
   <th>Emp ID</th>
   <th>First Name</th>
   <th>Last Name</th>
   <th>Age</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach var="row" items="${result.rows}">
<tr>
   <td><c:out value="${row.id}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.first}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.last}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.age}"/></td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>

</body>
</html>

访问这个JSP例子,运行结果如下:

79_1.png


INSERT操作

这个例子告诉我们如何使用JSTL SQL标签来运行SQL INSERT语句:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import="java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import="javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix="sql"%>

<html>
<head>
<title>INSERT 操作</title>
</head>
<body>

<sql:setDataSource var="snapshot" driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
     url="jdbc:mysql://localhost/TEST"
     user="root"  password="pass123"/>


<sql:update dataSource="${snapshot}" var="result">
INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (104, 2, 'Nuha', 'Ali');
</sql:update>

<sql:query dataSource="${snapshot}" var="result">
SELECT * from Employees;
</sql:query>

<table border="1" width="100%">
<tr>
   <th>Emp ID</th>
   <th>First Name</th>
   <th>Last Name</th>
   <th>Age</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach var="row" items="${result.rows}">
<tr>
   <td><c:out value="${row.id}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.first}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.last}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.age}"/></td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>

</body>
</html>

访问这个JSP例子,运行结果如下:

79_2.png


DELETE操作

这个例子告诉我们如何使用JSTL SQL标签来运行SQL DELETE语句:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import="java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import="javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix="sql"%>

<html>
<head>
<title>DELETE 操作</title>
</head>
<body>

<sql:setDataSource var="snapshot" driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
     url="jdbc:mysql://localhost/TEST"
     user="root"  password="pass123"/>

<c:set var="empId" value="103"/>

<sql:update dataSource="${snapshot}" var="count">
  DELETE FROM Employees WHERE Id = ?
  <sql:param value="${empId}" />
</sql:update>

<sql:query dataSource="${snapshot}" var="result">
   SELECT * from Employees;
</sql:query>

<table border="1" width="100%">
<tr>
   <th>Emp ID</th>
   <th>First Name</th>
   <th>Last Name</th>
   <th>Age</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach var="row" items="${result.rows}">
<tr>
   <td><c:out value="${row.id}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.first}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.last}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.age}"/></td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>

</body>
</html>

访问这个JSP例子,运行结果如下:

79_3.png


UPDATE操作

这个例子告诉我们如何使用JSTL SQL标签来运行SQL UPDATE语句:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import="java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import="javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix="sql"%>

<html>
<head>
<title>UPDATE 操作</title>
</head>
<body>

<sql:setDataSource var="snapshot" driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
     url="jdbc:mysql://localhost/TEST"
     user="root"  password="pass123"/>

<c:set var="empId" value="102"/>

<sql:update dataSource="${snapshot}" var="count">
  UPDATE Employees SET last = 'Ali' WHERE Id = ?
  <sql:param value="${empId}" />
</sql:update>

<sql:query dataSource="${snapshot}" var="result">
   SELECT * from Employees;
</sql:query>

<table border="1" width="100%">
<tr>
   <th>Emp ID</th>
   <th>First Name</th>
   <th>Last Name</th>
   <th>Age</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach var="row" items="${result.rows}">
<tr>
   <td><c:out value="${row.id}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.first}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.last}"/></td>
   <td><c:out value="${row.age}"/></td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>

</body>
</html>

访问这个JSP例子,运行结果如下:

79_4.png

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