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python_selenium的框架构建

设计思路
本文整理归纳以往的工作中用到的东西,现汇总成基础测试框架提供分享。

框架采用python3 + selenium3 + PO + yaml + ddt + unittest等技术编写成基础测试框架,能适应日常测试工作需要。

1、使用Page Object模式将页面定位和业务操作分开,分离测试对象(元素对象)和测试脚本(用例脚本),一个页面建一个对象类,提高用例的可维护性;

2、使用yaml管理页面控件元素数据和测试用例数据。例如元素ID等发生变化时,不需要去修改测试代码,只需要在对应的页面元素yaml文件中修改即可;

3、分模块管理,互不影响,随时组装,即拿即用。
测试框架分层设计

把常见的操作和查找封装成基础类,不管是什么产品,可直接拿来复用
业务层主要是封装对象页面类,一个页面建一个类,业务层页面继承基础层
用例层针对产品页面功能进行构造摸拟执行测试
框架层提供基础组件,支撑整个流程执行及功能扩展,给用例层提供各页面的元素数据、用例测试数据,测试报告输出等
测试框架目录结构

如下思维导图目录结构介绍:

编写用例方法
login.yaml
例如,我们要新增登录功能测试用例:

首先,只需在testyaml目录下新增一个页面对象yaml文件,参考login.yaml格式编写即可。这些文件是提供给封装页面对象类调用并执行定位识别操作。

login_data.yaml
其次,在testdata目录下新增一个login_data.yaml文件提供给登录接口传参的测试数据,编写格式参考login_data.yaml文件。

loginPage.py
然后,在page_obj目录下新增一个loginPage.py文件,是用来封装登录页面对象类,执行登录测试流程操作。

login_sta.py
最后,在testcase目录下创建测试用例文件login_sta.py,采用ddt数据驱动读取yaml测试数据文件

综上所述,编写用例方法只需要按以上四个步骤创建->编写即可。

执行如下主程序,可看输出的实际结果。
common
包含:基本的公共方法类,比如HTML报告、Log处理、发送邮件、基本页面对象等

其中pageObject里面是对各个测试系统操作页面的一个封装,以后用例的方法直接继承即可。可多次调用,维护起来比较方便。

conf
基本的系统参数配置信息,可以包含url,正确用户的信息,简单日志级别,某些输出位置,邮件信息等

data
对于数据驱动或者其他测试用例中需要测试的数据,之后测试用例流程不变,可以直接在文档中进行Axitrader返佣https://www.kaifx.cn/broker/a…。暂时采用excel。也可以采用csv,xml等等方法

log
日志输出,暂时包括了 log输出,htmlreport输出以及img的保存。

test
其中包含testcase以及testsuite两个模块

testcase 负责编写测试用例如果某个功能有多个py文件编写可以再新建一个目录。
testsuite 就是测试套件,可以按需求进行选择需要的测试项(包含测试用例以及测试类)
注意:使用ddt则不可以再使用addTest方式单独添加测试用例了。
(1)首先导入 webdriver 与 Keys 模块。selenium.webdriver 模块包含驱动浏览器的实现方法。 支持Firefox、Chrome、IE 浏览器。 Keys 模块包含键盘中的键,诸如F1,ALT 等。
from selenium import webdriver
  from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
  (2)接下来,创建 Chrome WebDriver 实例。
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
  driver.get 方法会在浏览器中打开指定的 URL 页面。 当页面完全加载后(会触发 “onload” 事件),才会把控制权交给我们写的测试脚本。
  注意: 如果如果加载的页面,使用了很多 AJAX 请求,那么 WebDriver 可能不知道完全加载的时间点。
  (3)然后是一个断言,测试网页标题(即 H5 中的 标签)中是否包含 “Python” 字符串:<br /> assert ‘Python’ in driver.title<br />   (4) WebDriver 提供了多种查找元素的方法,形如 使用 find_element_by_*。 例如,这里使用了 find_element_by_name 方法通过其标签的 name 属性,来查找输入框元素 。</p> <p>文章永久链接:<a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/19558">https://tech.souyunku.com/19558</a></p> </article> <div class="orbui-post-footer"><b>AD:</b><strong>【JetBrains 全家桶,激活、破解、教程】</strong><a target="_blank" href="https://idea.ddkk.com">获取 IDEA 激活码、PyCharm 激活码、WebStorm 激活码和 DataGrip 激活码,提供详细破解教程与永久激活方法。支持 IDEA 永久激活与破解,免费获取注册码与激活码,解决 2024/2025 版本激活问题,轻松实现所有 JetBrains 工具的激活。</a></div> <div class="post-copyright">未经允许不得转载:<a href="https://tech.souyunku.com">搜云库技术团队</a> » <a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/19558.html">python_selenium的框架构建</a></div> <nav class="article-nav"> <span class="article-nav-prev">上一篇<br><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/19561.html" rel="prev">Redis --Java客户端 Jedis</a></span> <span class="article-nav-next">下一篇<br><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/19555.html" rel="next">Java中成员初始化</a></span> </nav> <div class="relates relates-textcol2"><div class="title"><h3>相关推荐</h3></div><ul><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6210.html">第二版:互联网大厂面试题,92份 PDF,累计 3625 页!</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6347.html">蘑菇街、滴滴、淘宝、微信的组件化架构解析,附Demo和PDF</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6355.html">Mybatis源码分析 - 九种设计模式总结</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6368.html">MySQl性能优化,MySQl索引优化,MySQl执行计划使用实战经历</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6382.html">如何设计网址短链接生成服务,网址缩短服务,短URL生成服务</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6385.html">Nginx实现负载均衡配置,分发策略</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6387.html">JVM最多支持多少个线程?如何计算JVM线程数?</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6389.html">程序该如何优化?怎么做性能优化?性能优化的原则?</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6393.html">SpringBoot Jar 可执行原理,源码分析SpringBoot Jar启动</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6397.html">为什么要读源码,如何阅读源码,Spring源码如何读,业务源代码如何读</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6399.html">StringBuilder为什么线程不安全,StringBuilder源码分析</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6401.html">JDK8 Stream 数据流效率分析,JDK8 Stream 性能如何</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6404.html">如何计算并发用户数,PV计算公式,TPS估计</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6406.html">Tomcat性能调优,JVM的性能调优,总结文档</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6414.html">生产上MySQL慢查询优化实战,SQL优化实战</a></li><li><a href="https://tech.souyunku.com/6416.html">SpringBoot 中 logback日志配置使用</a></li></ul></div> </div> </div> <div data-rocket-location-hash="8221ce4d8691a652066e393f2d6423f2" class="sidebar"> <div data-rocket-location-hash="41807a87dc182eeb1db85d30eb3c0102" class="widget widget_block"><div class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html" style="top: 0px; 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