1、项目分层
view层:视图层
controller层:控制层
service层:业务层
dao层:数据库访问层
domain:实体包
tools:工具类
2、jar包
3、配置文件
4、程序设计
(1)domain包,主要存放javabean
package pers.zhb.student.domain;
public class Course {
private String courseno;
private String cname;
private String type;
private float credit;
public Course() {
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Course [courseno=" + courseno + ", cname=" + cname + ", type="
+ type + ", credit=" + credit + "]";
}
public String getCourseno() {
return courseno;
}
public void setCourseno(String courseno) {
this.courseno = courseno;
}
public String getCname() {
return cname;
}
public void setCname(String cname) {
this.cname = cname;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public float getCredit() {
return credit;
}
public void setCredit(float credit) {
this.credit = credit;
}
}
package pers.zhb.student.domain;
public class Log {
private String account;
private String password;
public String getAccount() {
return account;
}
public void setAccount(String account) {
this.account = account;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Log [account=" + account + ", password=" + password + "]";
}
}
package pers.zhb.student.domain;
public class Score {
private String classno;
private String classname;
public String getClassno() {
return classno;
}
public void setClassno(String classno) {
this.classno = classno;
}
public String getClassname() {
return classname;
}
public void setClassname(String classname) {
this.classname = classname;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Score [classno=" + classno + ", classname=" + classname + "]";
}
}
package pers.zhb.student.domain;
public class Student {
private String studentno;
private String sname;
private String sex;
private String birthday;
private String classno;
private float point;
public String getStudentno() {
return studentno;
}
public void setStudentno(String studentno) {
this.studentno = studentno;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(String birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public String getClassno() {
return classno;
}
public void setClassno(String classno) {
this.classno = classno;
}
public float getPoint() {
return point;
}
public void setPoint(float point) {
this.point = point;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
private String phone;
private String email;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [studentno=" + studentno + ", sname=" + sname
+ ", sex=" + sex + ", birthday=" + birthday + ", classno="
+ classno + ", point=" + point + ", phone=" + phone
+ ", email=" + email + "]";
}
}
定义了学生、班级、分数等的属性和方法。
(2)dao层:
package pers.zhb.student.dao;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Log;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Score;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Student;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Course;
import pers.zhb.student.tools.JDBCUtils;
public class StudentDao {
BasicDataSource datasource = JDBCUtils.getDataSource();
private QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(datasource);
// 注册
public void register(Log reg) {
try {
String sql = "INSERT INTO Login(account,password) VALUES(?,?)";
Object[] params = { reg.getAccount(), reg.getPassword() };
qr.update(sql, params);
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
// 登录
public List<Log> Login() {// 每一条记录封装到JavaBean中,再将JavaBean放入List集合
try {
String sql = "select * from Login";
List<Log> list = qr.query(sql, new BeanListHandler<Log>(Log.class));
return list;
} catch (SQLException ex) {
System.out.println(ex);
throw new RuntimeException("学生信息查询失败");
}
}
// 添加学生信息
public void addStudent(Student stu) {
try {
String sql = "INSERT INTO student(studentno,sname,sex,birthday,classno,point,phone,email) VALUES(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";
Object[] params = { stu.getStudentno(), stu.getSname(),
stu.getSex(), stu.getBirthday(), stu.getClassno(),
stu.getPoint(), stu.getPhone(), stu.getEmail() };
qr.update(sql, params);
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
// 删除学生信息
public void deleteStudent(String snum) {
try {
String sql = "DELETE from Student where studentno =?";
Object[] delete = { snum };
qr.update(sql, delete);
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
// 修改学生信息
public void updataStudent(Student stu) {
try {
String sql = "Update Student set sname=?,sex=?,birthday=?,classno=?,point=?,phone=?,email=? Where studentno=?";
Object[] update = { stu.getSname(), stu.getSex(),
stu.getBirthday(), stu.getClassno(), stu.getPoint(),
stu.getPhone(), stu.getEmail(), stu.getStudentno(), };
qr.update(sql, update);
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
// 查询全部学生信息,单表查询
public List<Student> selectAllStudent() {// 每一条记录封装到JavaBean中,再将JavaBean放入List集合
try {
String sql = "select * from Student";
List<Student> list = qr.query(sql, new BeanListHandler<Student>(
Student.class));
return list;
} catch (SQLException ex) {
System.out.println(ex);
throw new RuntimeException("学生信息查询失败");
}
}
// 查询学分在2到5之间的课程号、课程名、课程类型,并将查询结果按课程类型升序排列,同一类型的课程按学分降序排列
public List<Course> selectCourse() {// 每一条记录封装到JavaBean中,再将JavaBean放入List集合
try {
String sql = "select courseno,cname,type,credit from course where credit between 2 and 5 order by type asc ,credit desc";
List<Course> list = qr.query(sql, new BeanListHandler<Course>(
Course.class));
return list;
} catch (SQLException ex) {
System.out.println(ex);
throw new RuntimeException("课程信息查询失败");
}
}
// 查询计算机学院各个班级的编号、名称,如果平均值低于700则不显示,多表连接
public List<Score> selectScore() {// 每一条记录封装到JavaBean中,再将JavaBean放入List集合
try {
String sql = "select class.classno,class.classname from class,student where student.classno=class.classno and class.department='计算机学院' group by student.classno,class.classname,class.classno having AVG(point)>=700";
List<Score> list = qr.query(sql, new BeanListHandler<Score>(
Score.class));
return list;
} catch (SQLException ex) {
System.out.println(ex);
throw new RuntimeException("信息查询失败");
}
}
}
该层主要是对数据库的操作,通过sql语句实现对数据库的增删改查操作,从而实现对学生信息的管理。
(3)Service层:
package pers.zhb.student.services;
import java.util.List;
import pers.zhb.student.dao.StudentDao;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Course;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Log;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Student;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Score;
public class StudentService {
private StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
public List<Log> Login() {
return dao.Login();
}
public void register(Log reg) {
dao.register(reg);
}
public void addStudent(Student stu) {
dao.addStudent(stu);
}
public void deleteStudent(String snum) {
dao.deleteStudent(snum);
}
public void updataStudent(Student stu) {
dao.updataStudent(stu);
}
public List<Student> selectAllStudent() {
return dao.selectAllStudent();
}
public List<Course> selectCourse() {
return dao.selectCourse();
}
public List<Score> selectScore() {
return dao.selectScore();
}
public boolean checkPassword(String str) {
boolean b = str.matches("[a-zA-Z_0-9]{6}");
return b;
}
}
4、Controller层
package pers.zhb.student.controller;
import java.util.List;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Course;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Log;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Student;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Score;
import pers.zhb.student.services.StudentService;
public class StudentController {
private StudentService service = new StudentService();
public void register(Log reg){
service.register(reg);
}
public List<Log> Login() {
return service.Login();
}
public void addStudent(Student stu) {
service.addStudent(stu);
}
public void deleteStudent(String snum) {
service.deleteStudent(snum);
}
public void updataStudent(Student stu, String studentno) {
service.updataStudent(stu);
}
public List<Student> selectAllStudent() {
return service.selectAllStudent();
}
public List<Course> selectCourse() {
return service.selectCourse();
}
public List<Score> selectScore() {
return service.selectScore();
}
}
(5)视图层
package pers.zhb.student.view;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
import pers.zhb.student.controller.StudentController;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Course;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Log;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Score;
import pers.zhb.student.domain.Student;
import pers.zhb.student.services.StudentService;
public class MainView {
private StudentController controller = new StudentController();
private StudentService service = new StudentService();
public void run() {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
System.out.println();
System.out.println("============欢迎登录学生管理系统============");
System.out.println("1:增加学生信息");
System.out.println("2:删除学生信息");
System.out.println("3:修改学生信息");
System.out.println("4:查询学生信息");
System.out.println("5:退出");
System.out.println("请您输入要操作的功能序号:");
int choose = sc.nextInt();
switch (choose) {
case 1:
addStudent();
break;
case 2:
deleteStudent();
break;
case 3:
updataStudent();
break;
case 4:
select();
break;
case 5:
System.out.println("您已退出学生信息管理系统。");
System.exit(0);
break;
default:
System.out.println("输入有误");
break;
}
}
}
public void select() {// 学生查询、课程查询、
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
System.out.println();
System.out.println("============欢迎进入学生信息查询页面============");
System.out.println("1:查询所有学生信息");
System.out.println("2:查询学分在2到5之间的课程号、课程名、课程类型");
System.out.println("3:查询计算机学院各个班级的编号、名称,如果平均值低于700则不显示");
System.out.println("4:进入主页面");
System.out.println("请您输入要操作的功能序号:");
int choose = sc.nextInt();
switch (choose) {
case 1:
selectAll();
break;
case 2:
selectCourse();
break;
case 3:
selectScore();
break;
case 4:
run();
}
}
}
public void register() {// 注册
System.out.println("a:新用户");
System.out.println("b:老用户");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String registerChoose = sc.next();
if (registerChoose.equals("a")) {
Log l = new Log();
System.out.println("请输入账号:");
l.setAccount(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入六位密码(字母、数字、下划线):");
String password=sc.next();
if(service.checkPassword(password)){
l.setPassword(password);
}
else{
System.out.println("密码的格式不正确");
System.exit(0);
}
service.register(l);
System.out.println("您已注册成功");
}
if (registerChoose.equals("b")) {
Login();
}
}
public void Login() {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入账号");
String account = sc.next();
System.out.println("请输入密码");
String password = sc.next();
Iterator<Log> listIt = service.Login().iterator();// 获取集合的实现类对象,并调用集合的iterator()
while (listIt.hasNext()) {
Log l = listIt.next();
if (account.equals(l.getAccount())
&& password.equals(l.getPassword())) {
System.out.println(l.getAccount() + "," + "您已登录成功");
run();
}
}
Iterator<Log> listIt1 = service.Login().iterator();// 获取集合的实现类对象,并调用集合的iterator()
while (listIt1.hasNext()) {
Log l = listIt1.next();
if (account.equals(l.getAccount()) == true
|| password.equals(l.getPassword()) == false) {
System.out.println("登录失败");
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
public void addStudent() {// 添加学生信息
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
Student stu = new Student();
System.out.println("请输入学号:");
stu.setStudentno(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入姓名:");
stu.setSname(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入性别");
stu.setSex(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入出生日期");
stu.setBirthday(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入班级编号");
stu.setClassno(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入入学成绩");
stu.setPoint(sc.nextFloat());
System.out.println("请输入联系电话");
stu.setPhone(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入电子邮箱");
stu.setEmail(sc.next());
service.addStudent(stu);
System.out.println(stu.getSname() + "的信息添加成功");
}
public void deleteStudent() {// 删除某一个学生的信息
System.out.println("请输入要删除的学生的学号");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String snum = sc.next();
service.deleteStudent(snum);
System.out.println("学号为" + snum + "的学生信息删除成功");
}
public void updataStudent() {// 修改学生信息
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
Student stu = new Student();
System.out.println("请输入学号:");
stu.setStudentno(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入新的姓名:");
stu.setSname(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入新的性别");
stu.setSex(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入新的出生日期");
stu.setBirthday(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入新的班级编号");
stu.setClassno(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入新的入学成绩");
stu.setPoint(sc.nextFloat());
System.out.println("请输入新的联系电话");
stu.setPhone(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入新的电子邮箱");
stu.setEmail(sc.next());
service.updataStudent(stu);
}
public void selectAll() {// 查询所有
List<Student> list = controller.selectAllStudent();
if (list.size()!= 0)
print(list);
else
System.out.println("没有查询到数据");
}
private void print(List<Student> list) {// 查询所有
System.out.println("全部学生信息:");
for (Student students : list) {
System.out.println(students);
}
}
public void selectCourse() {// 查询课程
List<Course> list = controller.selectCourse();
if (list.size() != 0)
printCourse(list);
else
System.out.println("没有查询到数据");
}
private void printCourse(List<Course> list) {// 查询课程
System.out
.println("学分在2到5之间的课程号、课程名、课程类型,并将查询结果按课程类型升序排列,同一类型的课程按学分降序排列:");
for (Course courses : list) {
System.out.println(courses);
}
}
public void selectScore() {// 查询分数
List<Score> list = controller.selectScore();
if (list.size() != 0)
printScore(list);
else
System.out.println("没有查询到数据");
}
private void printScore(List<Score> list) {// 查询分数
System.out.println("查询计算机学院各个班级的编号、名称,如果平均值低于700则不显示:");
for (Score scores : list) {
System.out.println(scores);
}
}
}
(6)工具类
package pers.zhb.student.tools;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource;
public class JDBCUtils {
private static BasicDataSource datasource = new BasicDataSource();
/*
* BasicDataSource类,实现了datasource接口
*/
static {// 静态代码块,对象BasicDataSource对象中的配置,自定义
InputStream in = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("DB.properties");
Properties pro = new Properties();
try {
pro.load(in);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 数据库基本的连接信息,必须要设置(必须项)
datasource.setDriverClassName(pro.getProperty("driver"));
datasource.setUrl(pro.getProperty("url"));
datasource.setUsername(pro.getProperty("username"));
datasource.setPassword(pro.getProperty("password"));
// 对象连接池中的连接数量配置,可以不设置(基本项)
datasource.setInitialSize(0);// 初始化的连接数
datasource.setMaxActive(997);// 最大连接数量
datasource.setMaxIdle(10);// 最大空闲数
datasource.setMinIdle(5);// 最小空闲
}
// 返回BasicDataSource类的对象
public static BasicDataSource getDataSource() {
return datasource;
}
}
这里用到的是DBCP连接池,用之前需要导入包,工具类从配置文件获取创建连接需要的数据,配置文件有利于对数据库连接参数的修改。
(7)主函数
package pers.zhb.StudentMangemrent;
import pers.zhb.student.view.MainView;
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MainView mainWay=new MainView();
mainWay.register();
mainWay.run();// MainView类的匿名对象调用方法
}
}
5、程序分析
(1)登录时如果选择老用户,表明已经注册,Login数据表中已经有该用户的信息,可以直接登陆,否则需要注册,将数据放入数据库。
(2)通过正则规则,限制了密码必须为字母数字、下划线的六位字符串。因为用户名被设置为主键,所以用户名不能重复。
(3)对连接池和工具类的运用,减少了代码的重复率,方便了数据库的连接。
(4)通过sql语句,实现了增删改查,其中查询涉及单表和多表查询。
6、测试结果
将数据库与学生管理系统结合,实现了系统的注册、登录,增删改查的操作。